24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D
24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (24R,25(OH)2D3) circliates in blood at concentrations about 1000 times higher than 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. 24-Hydroxylase is present in the proximal convoluted tublie cells of the kidney and in virtual all target cells of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. Interestingly, 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 is a very strong inducer of 24-hydroxylase activity and 24R,25(OH)2D3 formation. Also parathyroid hormone (PTH) regliates 24-hydroxylase activity but in a tissue specific manner, i.e. inhibitory in the kidney while a synergistic effect together with 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 is observed in osteoblasts. Generally, 24-hydroxylation has been considered the first step in the degradation pathway of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 25-(OH)D3. However, through the past decades data have accumliated that 24R,25(OH)2D3 is not merely a degradation product but has effects on its own. Classic studies have demonstrated the significance of 24R,25(OH)2D3 for normal chicken egg hatchability and calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. More recently it became apparent that 24R,25(OH)2D3 also has distinct effects on cartilage in particliar the resting zone cells. 24R,25(OH)2D3 stimliates osteocalcin synthesis in human osteoblasts. 24R,25(OH)2D3 plays a role in bone metabolism but that it acts in concert with 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 to obtain an optimal effect. (PMID: 11179746 ).
Structure for HMDB00430 (24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D)
C27H44O3
416.6365
416.329045274
(6R)-6-[(1R,3aS,4E,7aR)-4-{2-[(1Z,5R)-5-hydroxy-2-methylidenecyclohexylidene]ethylidene}-7a-methyl-octahydro-1H-inden-1-yl]-2-methylheptane-2,3-diol
24,25-dihydroxyvitamin
40013-87-4
FCKJYANJHNLEEP-OIMXRAFZSA-N
Not classified
Detected and Quantified
Solid
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- Shepard RM, Horst RL, Hamstra AJ, DeLuca HF: Determination of vitamin D and its metabolites in plasma from normal and anephric man. Biochem J. 1979 Jli 15;182(1):55-69. [PubMed:227368 ]
None
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FDB021793
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17215953
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vitamin D
HMDB00430
HMDB00430
5419
12895043
Not Available
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- Ron M, Menczel J, Schwartz L, Palti Z, Kidroni G: Vitamin D3 metabolites in amniotic fluid in relation with maternal and fetal sera in term pregnancies. J Perinat Med. 1987;15(3):282-90. [PubMed:3501463 ]
- Imawari M, Kozawa K, Yoshida T, Osuga T: A simple and sensitive assay for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in human serum. Clin Chim Acta. 1982 Sep 1;124(1):63-73. [PubMed:6982126 ]
- Inaba M, Yukioka K, Furumitsu Y, Murano M, Goto H, Nishizawa Y, Morii H: Positive correlation between levels of IL-1 or IL-2 and 1,25(OH)2D/25-OH-D ratio in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci. 1997;61(10):977-85. [PubMed:9296336 ]
- Traba ML, Babe M, de la Piedra C, Marin A: 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in serum: sample purification with Sep-Pak C-18 cartridges and liquid chromatography before protein-binding assay. Clin Chem. 1983 Oct;29(10):1806-7. [PubMed:6604593 ]
- Coldwell RD, Trafford DJ, Makin HL, Varley MJ, Kirk DN: Specific estimation of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 1984 Jul;30(7):1193-8. [PubMed:6610503 ]
- Guillemant S, Kremer R: [Radiocompetitive estimation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in human serum (authors transl)]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1978;36(6):491-6. [PubMed:749564 ]
- Kumar R, Wiesner R, Scott M, Go VL: Physiology of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in normal human subjects. Am J Physiol. 1982 Nov;243(5):E370-4. [PubMed:6753604 ]
- Lazebnik R, Eisenberg Z, Lazebnik N, Spirer Z, Weisman Y: Vitamin D metabolites in amniotic fluid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983 Mar;56(3):632-4. [PubMed:6600461 ]
- Mason RS, Lissner D, Grunstein HS, Posen S: A simplified assay for dihydroxylated vitamin D metabolites in human serum: application to hyper- and hypovitaminosis D. Clin Chem. 1980 Mar;26(3):444-50. [PubMed:6892691 ]
- van Leeuwen JP, van den Bemd GJ, van Driel M, Buurman CJ, Pols HA: 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and bone metabolism. Steroids. 2001 Mar-May;66(3-5):375-80. [PubMed:11179746 ]